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Figure 1. Schematic illustration of strategic approaches utilizing wearable devices for monitoring diabetes mellitus and its complications. ISF: Interstitial fluid; ECG: electrocardiogram; PPG: photoplethysmography; RNN: recurrent neural networks; CNN: convolutional neural networks; LSTM: long short-term memory; ARIMA: autoregressive integrated moving average; SVM: support vector machines; KNN: k nearest neighbors.